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Please read and follow these instructions carefully; doing so will ensure that the publication of your manuscript is as rapid and efficient as possible. The Publisher reserves the right to return manuscripts that are not prepared in accordance with these instructions.
Information for Authors
Prior to submission, authors are requested to create an account and register. Please be reminded that only the corresponding author is allowed to register for every submission.
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Get a quick view on how to create a user profile and a step-by-step guide to submitting an article.
Submission of manuscripts
Authors should submit Word files by the Online Manuscript Submission System. If you have any queries regarding your submission to this journal, please email journal@agricuta.edu.eg.
Work submitted for publication must be original, previously unpublished, and not under consideration for publication elsewhere. If previously published figures, tables, or parts of text are to be included.
ORCID
ORCID (http://orcid.org) provides an identifier for individuals to use with their name as they engage in research, scholarship, and innovation activities. SAGE supports the use of ORCID and provides authors with the facility to include their ORCID identifier on submission, in order to enable transparent and trustworthy connections between researchers, their contributions, and affiliations.
Cover Letter
All submissions should be accompanied by a cover letter that includes a brief overview of the manuscript and the corresponding and contacting author contact information including full name, e-mail address, phone number, and mailing address (corresponding author and contacting author). It should also specify the number of display items (figures and tables), the number of attachments (manuscript, figures, Supplementary Information if any), and their formats.
It must include a statement indicating that the article has not been published in another publication and is not being submitted simultaneously to another journal.
Preparation of the manuscript
General
Papers must be clearly written in English. Article files should be provided in Microsoft Word format. The format of different types of articles is as under:
English
Authors are strongly encouraged to follow the principles of sound technical writing. Manuscripts that do not meet acceptable English standards or lack clarity may be rejected. Authors whose native language is not English may wish to collaborate with a colleague whose English skills are more advanced.
Note: Manuscripts written in Arabic in the field of Agricultural Economics, Rural Sociology and Agricultural Extension are welcomed and a structured English abstract should also be provided.
Page Setup and Fonts
Top, bottom, left, and right margins should be 1 inch. Use Times New Roman font throughout the manuscript, in the sizes and styles shown in Table 1.
Table 1 Recommended fonts and sizes.
Style name |
Brief description |
Article Title |
16 pt, bold |
Author Names |
12 pt, bold |
Author Affiliations |
10 pt |
Abstract |
10 pt |
Keywords |
10 pt |
Heading 1 |
12 Pt, bold |
Heading 2 |
12 pt, italic |
Heading 3 |
11 pt, italic |
Body Text |
12 pt |
Figure caption |
10 pt |
Table caption |
10 pt |
Section headings
Headings must be concise, with a clear indication of the distinction between the hierarchy of headings. Also, Section headings should be left justified, with the first letter capitalized and numbered consecutively, starting with the Introduction. Sub-section headings should be in capital and lower-case italic letters, numbered 1.1, 1.2, etc, and left justified, with second and subsequent lines indented. You may need to insert a page break to keep a heading with its text.
3 Subsection Headings (Heading 1)
3.1 Subsection Headings (Heading 2)
Subsection headings should be numbered 1.1, 1.2, etc.
3.1.1 Sub-subsection headings (Heading 3)
Sub-subsection headings should be numbered 1.1.1, 1.1.2, etc. Only the first word is capitalized.
Types of Paper
1. Format of Research Articles
Research articles present original research and address a clearly stated specific hypothesis or question. Papers should provide novel approaches and new insights into the problem addressed. A research article should divide into the following headings:
2. Format of Review Articles
Review articles are an attempt by one or more authors to sum up the current state of the research on a particular topic. Ideally, the author searches for everything relevant to the topic, and then sorts it all out into a coherent view of the "state of the art" as it now stands. Interested scientists may write their review articles under the following headings:
3. Format of Short Communications
A short communication is for a concise, but independent report representing a significant contribution. Short communication is not intended to publish preliminary results.
It should be no more than 2500 words, and could include two figures or tables. It should have at least 8 references. Scientists may prepare their short communications under the following headings.
Title page
A title of not more than 12 words should be provided. Titles do not normally include numbers, acronyms, abbreviations or punctuation. They should include sufficient detail for indexing purposes but be general enough for readers outside the field to appreciate what the paper is about.
Author's information and present address
Author name: The author’s initials are used for their first name. If an author has more than one initial do not put any spaces between initials. Where a resource has multiple authors, all authors are listed by last name and then first initial separated by commas.
All contributing authors’ names should be added to the journal submission, and their names arranged in the correct order for publication.
* Corresponding author. Tel.: ; fax: .
E-mail address: .
Abstract
An Abstract is required for every paper; it should succinctly summarize the reason for the work, the main findings, and the conclusions of the study. The abstract should be no longer than 300 words. Do not include artwork, tables, elaborate equations or references to other parts of the paper or to the reference listing at the end. The reason is that the Abstract should be understandable in itself to be suitable for storage in textual information retrieval systems. See below an abstract guide for practical help and guidance:
Authors should avoid the use of personal pronouns within the structured abstract and body of the paper (e.g. "this paper investigates..." is correct, "I investigate..." is incorrect).
Keywords
Supply at least 5–6 keywords, separated with semicolons. Authors should provide appropriate and short keywords in the article submission process that encapsulate the principal topics of the paper. The maximum number of keywords is 12.
Introduction
This section should be succinct, with no subheadings. State the objectives of the work and provide an adequate background, avoiding a detailed literature survey or a summary of the results.
Materials and Methods
This part should contain sufficient detail to reproduce reported data. It can be divided into subsections if several methods are described. Methods already published should be indicated by a reference: only relevant modifications should be described.
Rules for Using Numbers
Results and Discussion
This section may each be divided by subheadings or may be combined. A combined Results and Discussion section is often appropriate. This should explore the significance of the results of the work, don’t repeat them. Avoid extensive citations and discussion of published literature.
Conclusions
This section should clearly explain the main conclusions of the work, highlighting its importance and relevance
Tables
All tables should be numbered with Arabic numerals. Headings should be placed above tables, left justified. Leave one line space between the heading and the table. Only horizontal lines should be used within a table, to distinguish the column headings from the body of the table, and immediately above and below the table. Footnotes can be included below the table. Tables cannot duplicate data contained in the text. Tables must be sent in Microsoft Word and have no links to other documents. Tables prefer be embedded into the text than supplied separately. Ensure that any superscripts or asterisks are shown next to the relevant items and have corresponding explanations displayed as footnotes to the table, figure or plate. Below is an example which authors may find useful.
Table 1. An example of a table
An example of a column heading |
Column A (t) |
Column B (T) |
And an entry |
1 |
2 |
And another entry |
3 |
4 |
And another entry |
5 |
6 |
Figures
All Figures should be of high quality, legible and numbered consecutively with arabic numerals. All photographs, schemas, graphs, charts, web pages/screenshots, line drawings and diagrams are to be referred to as figures. Line drawings should be good quality scans or true electronic output. Low-quality scans are not acceptable. Please ensure that the prepared electronic image files print at a legible size and are of a high quality for publication.
Figures created in MS Word, MS PowerPoint, MS Excel, Illustrator should be supplied in their native formats. Electronic figures created in other applications should be copied from the origination software and pasted into a blank MS Word document or saved and imported into an MS Word document or alternatively create a .pdf file from the origination software.
Figures which cannot be supplied as above are acceptable in the standard image formats which are: .pdf, .ai, and .eps. If you are unable to supply graphics in these formats then please ensure they are .tif, .jpeg, or .bmp at a resolution of at least 300dpi and at least 10cm wide.
Photographic images should be submitted electronically and of high quality. They should be saved as .tif or .jpeg files at a resolution of at least 300dpi and at least 10cm wide.
Figures prefer to be embedded into the text and not supplied separately. Lettering and symbols should be clearly defined either in the caption or in a legend provided as part of the figure. Figures should be placed at the top or bottom of a page wherever possible, as close as possible to the first reference to them in the paper.
The figure number and caption should be typed below the illustration and left justified. Artwork has no text along the side of it in the main body of the text. However, if two images fit next to each other, these may be placed next to each other to save space, see Figure 1.
Figure 1. Please give a description of your figure. Be certain that all abbreviations are explained in either the figure or the figure caption. This includes terms that have already been defined within the paper. Treat each figure as its own item. Use capital letters (e.g. A, B, C) for parts of figures.
Equations and formulae should be typed and numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in parentheses on the right hand side of the page (if referred to explicitly in the text),
They should also be separated from the surrounding text by one space.
References
At the end of the paper, in the References section the literature should be arranged in alphabetical order. If they have the same author, they should be in chronological order.
In the text: References must be cited in the text mentioning the last name of the author and year between parentheses. In case of two authors, both should be mentioned. When there are three or more authors, mention only the first author followed by et al. When two or more references are cited in the same parenthesis, the authors should be in chronological order. And if they have the same year, they should be in alphabetical order. Moreover, if there is more than one reference of the same author and the same year, they should be indicated with letters.
References to other publications must be in Harvard style and carefully checked for completeness, accuracy and consistency. This is very important in an electronic environment because it enables your readers to exploit the Reference Linking facility on the database and link back to the works you have cited through CrossRef.
You should cite publications in the text: (Adams, 2006) using the first named author's name or (Adams and Brown, 2006) citing both names of two, or (Adams et al., 2006), when there are three or more authors. At the end of the paper a reference list in alphabetical order should be supplied:
For books
Surname, Initials (year), Title of Book, Publisher, Place of publication.
e.g. Harrow, R. (2005), No Place to Hide, Simon & Schuster, New York, NY.
For book chapters
Surname, Initials (year), "Chapter title", Editor's Surname, Initials, Title of Book, Publisher, Place of publication, pages.
e.g. Calabrese, F.A. (2005), "The early pathways: theory to practice – a continuum", in Stankosky, M. (Ed.), Creating the Discipline of Knowledge Management, Elsevier, New York, NY, pp. 15-20.
For journals
Surname, Initials (year), "Title of article", Journal Name, volume issue, pages.
e.g. Capizzi, M.T. and Ferguson, R. (2005), "Loyalty trends for the twenty-first century", Journal of Consumer Marketing, Vol. 22 No. 2, pp. 72-80.
For published conference proceedings
Surname, Initials (year of publication), "Title of paper", in Surname, Initials (Ed.), Title of published proceeding which may include place and date(s) held, Publisher, Place of publication, Page numbers.
e.g. Jakkilinki, R., Georgievski, M. and Sharda, N. (2007), "Connecting destinations with an ontology-based e-tourism planner", in Information and communication technologies in tourism 2007 proceedings of the international conference in Ljubljana, Slovenia, 2007, Springer-Verlag, Vienna, pp. 12-32.
For unpublished conference proceedings
Surname, Initials (year), "Title of paper", paper presented at Name of Conference, date of conference, place of conference, available at: URL if freely available on the internet (accessed date).
e.g. Aumueller, D. (2005), "Semantic authoring and retrieval within a wiki", paper presented at the European Semantic Web Conference (ESWC), 29 May-1 June, Heraklion, Crete, available at: http://dbs.uni-leipzig.de/file/aumueller05wiksar.pdf (accessed 20 February 2007).
For working papers
Surname, Initials (year), "Title of article", working paper [number if available], Institution or organization, Place of organization, date.
e.g. Moizer, P. (2003), "How published academic research can inform policy decisions: the case of mandatory rotation of audit appointments", working paper, Leeds University Business School, University of Leeds, Leeds, 28 March.
For encyclopedia entries (with no author or editor)
Title of Encyclopedia (year) "Title of entry", volume, edition, Title of Encyclopedia, Publisher, Place of publication, pages.
e.g. Encyclopaedia Britannica (1926) "Psychology of culture contact", Vol. 1, 13th ed., Encyclopaedia Britannica, London and New York, NY, pp. 765-71.
(For authored entries please refer to book chapter guidelines above)
For newspaper articles (authored)
Surname, Initials (year), "Article title", Newspaper, date, pages.
e.g. Smith, A. (2008), "Money for old rope", Daily News, 21 January, pp. 1, 3-4.
For newspaper articles (non-authored)
Newspaper (year), "Article title", date, pages.
e.g. Daily News (2008), "Small change", 2 February, p. 7.
For archival or other unpublished sources
Surname, Initials, (year), "Title of document", Unpublished Manuscript, collection name, inventory record, name of archive, location of archive.
e.g. Litman, S. (1902), "Mechanism & Technique of Commerce", Unpublished Manuscript, Simon Litman Papers, Record series 9/5/29 Box 3, University of Illinois Archives, Urbana-Champaign, IL.
For electronic sources
If available online, the full URL should be supplied at the end of the reference, as well as a date that the resource was accessed.
e.g. Castle, B. (2005), "Introduction to web services for remote portlets", available at: http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/library/ws-wsrp/ (accessed 12 November 2007).
Standalone URLs, i.e. without an author or date, should be included either within parentheses within the main text, or preferably set as a note (Roman numeral within square brackets within text followed by the full URL address at the end of the paper).
For data
Surname, Initials (year), Title of Data Set, Name of data repository, available at: Persistent URL
e.g. Campbell, A. and Kahn, R.L. (1999), American National Election Study, 1948, ICPSR07218-v3, Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research (distributor), Ann Arbor, MI, available at: http://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR07218.v3
Additional information
These and the Reference headings are in bold but have no numbers. Text below continues as normal. Authors who wish to include these items should save them together in an MS Word file to be uploaded with the submission. Acknowledgments, disclaimers, and conflicts of interest can be added after the conclusion, and before references. The acknowledgements may credit others for their guidance or help. Also funding sources or sponsorship information should be stated. The acknowledgments section does not have a section number.
Acknowledgments
This unnumbered section is used to identify people who have aided the authors in accomplishing the work presented, to state conflicts of interest, and to acknowledge sources of funding. Acknowledgments should be inserted at the end of the paper, before the references, not as a footnote to the title. Use an unnumbered section heading for the Acknowledgments, similar to the References heading.
Research funding
Authors must declare all sources of external research funding in their article and a statement to this effect should appear in the Acknowledgements section. Authors should describe the role of the funder or financial sponsor in the entire research process, from study design to submission.
Author Contributions:
Authors are required to include a statement to specify the contributions of each co-author. The statement can be up to several sentences long, describing the tasks of individual authors referred to by their initials. See the authorship policy page for further explanation and examples.
Human and Animal Rights
If the work involves the use of human/animal subjects, each manuscript should contain the following set of declaration at the end of the manuscript:
Proofs
All manuscripts will undergo some editorial modification, so it is important to check proofs carefully. PDF page proofs will be sent via e-mail to the corresponding author for checking. To avoid delays in publication, proofs should be checked and returned within 48 hours. Corrections should be returned by annotated PDF, e-mail or fax. Extensive changes to the text may be charged to the author.
Post-production corrections
Corrections are made if the publication record is seriously affected by the academic accuracy of published information. Where these amendments concern peer-reviewed material, the correction will be published as a formal notice (erratum) in a subsequent issue.
Article Processing Charge
The journal is published in both print and online version and all articles published in Archives of Agricultural Sciences Journal are fully open access and freely available online, immediately upon publication. Publication Fee is free of charge.
Copyright Policy
The journal allows the author(s) to hold the copyright, and to retain publishing rights without any restrictions.