Effect of sowing dates, natural bio-stimulants, and micro-nutrients on the growth and seed yield of dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) under semi-arid conditions

Document Type : Research article

Authors

Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt

Abstract

Two field experiments were conducted to study the effect of different sowing dates (October 1 and 15) during the 2021/2022 and 2022/2023 seasons on dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) variety (Nibrasica) and foliar spraying by natural bio-stimulants [chitosan (150 ppm) and humic acid (500 ppm)] as well as foliar spraying by some micro-nutrients [iron (200 ppm), manganese (100 ppm), and zinc(50 ppm)] under the conditions of Sohag governorate, Egypt. The experiments were carried out in a split split-plot design in three replicates. The main plots were allocated to sowing dates, while sub-plots were allocated to natural bio-stimulants and the sub-sub-plot was allocated to foliar spraying with micro-nutrients. Results show that the second sowing date (10/15) recorded the highest significance value for all vegetative and crop traits under study in both seasons. Late sowing surpassed early sowing in dry seed yield by (26.53% and 25.19%) in the first and second seasons, respectively. Spraying bean plants with chitosan and humic acid also led to a significant increase in all vegetative traits, as the chitosan spray treatment was superior to spraying with humic acid in plant height, number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant, and pod length. Spraying with chitosan led to an increase in 100 seeds weight by (29.59 and 30.45) and dry bean yield by (26.53% and 25.19%) compared to the comparison treatment. The results showed that foliar spraying with all the microelements resulted in a highly significant increase in the vegetative and yield characteristics of bean plants, and the foliar spraying treatment with iron distinguished itself from the rest of the elements. The results indicated that all interactions, whether binary or triple, were between the experimental factors, with the highest values recorded in favour of sowing on the second date (October 15). Overall, spraying chitosan (two times before and after flowering), and foliar spraying with iron after 20 and 40 days of planting lead to maximization dry bean production in the second sowing date (October 15).

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Archives of Agriculture Sciences Journal
Volume 7, Issue 2
August 2024
Pages 14-35

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