Effect of wastewater irrigation on anatomical structure of faba bean plant (Vicia faba L.)

Two pot experiments were carried out at the Experimental Farm of the Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Assiut governorate, Egypt, during two successive seasons 2019/2020 and 2020/2021. To study the effect of wastewater concentrations compared with the control on anatomical structureof faba bean variety's (Giza 716 and Nubaria 3). The experiments were arranged in random whole sectors in which two levels of wastewater were diluted with Nile water at (50 and 100% ww) in addition to control. Data recorded that anatomical characteristic i.e. (Ø of root, cortex thickness, Ø of V.C, Ø pith, Ø of meta xylem) geared the highest in Giza 716 var. values compared with Nubaria 3. Added to all characteristic as affected the concentration of wastewater irrigation used. The highest values were cleared with Ø of root and thickness of cortex while Ø of V. C was the lowest in both varieties especially with control plant (Giza 716) at the same Time the anatomical characters of Nubaria 3 var. were better by using 50% ww irrigation compared with the control plants. Data recorded that the anatomical characteristics of the stems were affected by all wastewater concentrations, 100% ww concentration recorded that decrease in Ø of stem, epidermal thickness, and cortex for both cultivars. While the 50% ww concentration showed superiority in the thickness of the cortex, especially with the Giza 716 var., compared to the control. At the same there was a significant decrease in the number of V.B, the length of the xylem arch and the Ø of the pith in both cultivars compared to the control. Data recorded that the anatomical characteristics of the leaves were affected by all the concentrations of wastewater used, where the concentration of 100% ww showing decrease in the thickness of the upper and lower epidermis and the mesophyll tissue (palisade and spongy tissue), as well as the diameter of the midrib and length of xylem arch in both types compared to the control. Generally, the Data obtained in this study indicated that uses of wastewater irrigating improved the anatomical characters faba bean plant, especially with Nobaria 3 var., can be considered as resistance wastewater irrigation under the Assiut conditions, Egypt.