The economic effects of transboundary animal diseases and their impact on foreign trade in Egypt: Case study

The research aimed to identify the most important trans boundary animal diseases in terms of the most important areas of outbreak, and a total estimate of the most important economic losses globally, and to study changes in the extent of its spread, distribution and competence with certain livestock, the extent of the state’s response and take measures to contain foot-and-mouth disease as the most important of these trans boundary animal diseases, as it was found that foot-and-mouth disease It only takes the status of outbreaks and outbreaks in some countries such as the Netherlands, France, Nepal, Australia, Lebanon, Sri Lanka, Yugoslavia, the United States of America, South Korea, Japan, Brazil, Italy, and other countries with the status of endemism, such as Egypt and For Sudan, Somalia, Ethiopia, Uganda, Tanzania, Kenya, Turkey, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Pakistan, Iran and Afghanistan during the study period also (2001-2017). It turned out that the volume of losses resulting from the spread of FMD; as one of the most important of these diseases is estimated at 59.49 billion dollars during the period (1995 - 2017) with an average of about 2.59 billion dollars annually, and statistics indicate that there is a response to contain the disease and take measures in Egypt for such diseases, as it was found that there are Decrease (statistically significant) by 113 thousand dollars annually in total losses as a result of the disease during the period (2001-2017), and economic losses borne by Egypt are estimated to be about 1.374 million average dollars during the study period and the outbreak and spread of the disease, which is reflected negatively on agricultural output by 0.034 % of its value annually Shed during the study period. The study indicates that there is a diversification in trade for Egypt in terms of imports, as it was found that there was a decrease in the volume of imports of live animals by 13.8 $ million annually during the study period, and on the other side it was found that there was an increase in imports of red meat of all kinds by 0.899 $ billion annually during the study period This confirms the process of diversifying trade, changing market shares and closing some markets due to the tendency of importing countries to import meat instead of live animals.