eng
Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Agriculture (Assiut Branch)
Archives of Agriculture Sciences Journal
2535-1680
2535-1699
2018-12-01
1
3
1
13
10.21608/aasj.2018.29014
29014
Studying the effect of some botanical extracts of the Aveloz plant (Euphorbia tirucalli L.) on biological and productive characters of the mulberry silkworm (Bombyx mori L.)
M. El-Yamani Enas
enaselyamani3@gmail.com
1
M. Saad
2
M. Hassan Eman
3
Sericulture Research Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Egypt
Sericulture Research Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Egypt
Sericulture Research Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Egypt
The production of high quality and quantity of natural silk depends mainly on the nutritional status of the mulberry leaves fed to silkworms so, the healthy growth of silkworms and subsequently the economic traits are influenced largely by improving the mulberry leaf quality and feed efficiency of silkworm. The present study was an attempt to assess the effect of four extracts of Euphorbia tirucalli plant; acetone, petroleum-ether, ethyl alcohol and aqueous extracts on the biological characters, cocoon parameters and silk characters of the mulberry silkworm, Bombyx mori; the plant powder was soaked in petroleum-ether, acetone, ethyl alcohol and water serially. Each extract was used with three concentrations (2.5, 1.25 and 0.625 %) added to mulberry leaves. The schedule of application was applied since the beginning of the 5th instar (every day first feed). Most concentrations of botanical extracts of Euphorbia tirucalli especially the concentrations (2.5% and 1.25%) increased significantly biological and technological characters of B. mori compared with the control group; larvae reared on mulberry leaves enriched with these concentrations of extracts especially acetone and aqueous extracts showed a significant increase in larval weight, cocooning percentage, emergence percentage, fecundity and pupal weight compared with the control, while, no significant differences were observed among means of the treatments in fertility percentage. On the same pattern, cocoon aspects (cocoon weight and cocoon shell weight) and silk characters (filament length, weight and size) enhanced significantly by rearing silkworms on fortified leaves with botanical extracts concentrations, compared with the control. While no significant variation was noticed among the means of silk ratio (%). Conclusively, fortification of mulberry leaves with acetone, petroleum-ether, ethyl alcohol and aqueous extracts of E. tirucalli plant as nutritional additives improved the biotechnological characters of mulberry silkworm B. mori especially the acetone and aqueous extracts with increasing the concentrations.
https://aasj.journals.ekb.eg/article_29014_1262d345ca8c82206ed7943bee8a3e5a.pdf
Silkworm
Bombyx mori
mulberry leaves
nutritional additives
botanical extracts
Euphorbia tirucalli
eng
Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Agriculture (Assiut Branch)
Archives of Agriculture Sciences Journal
2535-1680
2535-1699
2018-12-01
1
3
14
25
10.21608/aasj.2018.29102
29102
Combining ability for some inbred lines in half-diallel crosses of maize under two different locations conditions
H. Gamea
1
M. Darwich
mo.mousa9041@gmail.com
2
H. Aboyousef
3
Maize Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
Maize Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
Maize Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
A half diallyl cross among eight new yellow maize inbred lines, i.e. Gm. 142, Gm. 224, Gm. 233, Gm. 152, Gm. 297, Gm. 330, Gm. 201, and Gm. 303, was made in 2015 summer season. Twenty eight F1 crosses along with two yellow commercial check hybrids, SC162 and SC168 were evaluated in randomized complete block design with four replications at two locations (Gemmeiza, Gharbia and Sids, Bani Sweif, Egypt) in 2016 summer season to study the combining ability to identify the most superior parental inbred lines that produce superior hybrids and develop high yielding new yellow single crosses. Results indicated that mean squares of crosses exhibited significant or highly significant for all studied traits. Mean squares due to GCA and SCA were significant or highly significant for all studied traits at combined over the two locations, except GCA for ear diameter trait and SCA for ear length trait, which were non-significant. The ratio of GCA/SCA was more than unity for all studied traits at combined over the two locations, except days to 50% silking and ear diameter traits, indicating that additive gene was more important than non-additive gene action. The interaction between GCA and SCA and locations were highly significant for all studied traits, except GCA x Loc. for ear diameter trait and SCA x Loc. for ear length trait. The magnitude of the interaction was highest for GCA × locations than the SCA × locations for plant height, ear height, ear length and grain yield, indicates that additive genetic variance was influenced by environment and the additive component interacted more with the environment than the non-additive and vice versa for days to 50% silking and ear diameter. According to analysis of GCA effects, the best general combiners were P3 (Gm.233) for earliness; P4 (Gm.152), P5 (Gm.297), P6 (Gm.330) and P7 (Gm.201) for plant height (shortness); P5 (Gm.297), P6 (Gm.330) and P7 (Gm.201) towards lower ear position; P4 (Gm.152) and P6 (Gm.330) for ear length; P1 (Gm.142) for ear diameter; and P1 (Gm.142), P5 (Gm.297) and P8 (Gm.303) for grain yield. Based on mean performance and SCA effects analysis, there were seven crosses No. 1, 2, 5, 7, 9, 25 and 26 (P1 x P2, P1 x P3, P1 x P6, P1 x P8, P2 x P4, P5 x P8 and P6 x P7) were the best combinations where they recorded significant or highly significant positive SCA effects for grain yield.
https://aasj.journals.ekb.eg/article_29102_ad6603150709ce8bac928d68229c2465.pdf
eng
Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Agriculture (Assiut Branch)
Archives of Agriculture Sciences Journal
2535-1680
2535-1699
2018-12-01
1
3
26
43
10.21608/aasj.2018.29338
29338
Effects of some medical and aromatic plant seeds on growth performance, milk yield and its composition of Rahmani and Chios sheep
H. Hassan
1
A. Abd El-Ghani
2
S. Mohammed
3
M. Abd-Allah
muhtaram@azhar.edu.eg
4
E. Hassan
5
Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
The study was carried out to evaluate the effect of dried mixture of four herbal plant seeds as feed additives and some environmental factors on growth performance, milk yield and its composition of Rahmani and Chios sheep. Fifty four pregnant Rahmani and Chios ewes, during the last periods of pregnancy were divided into 3 groups (8 Rahmani and 10 Chios ewes each) using complete random block design. Group2 (G2) and group3 (G3) were supplemented with polyherbal combination at the rate of 3 and 6 g/100kg-1 LBW, respectively. Ewes without polyherbal combination served as a control (CTR). Body weight and ADG of G2 lambs was significantly (P<0.05) higher than G1 and control. Variations among genetic groups regarding body weights, TG and ADG were highly significant (P<0.01). Male lambs were significantly heavier (P<0.05 or P<0.01) than female except at birth, male lambs have attained TG heavier (P<0.01) than female lambs. There was a significant (P<0.01) effect of medical and aromatic plant seeds on colostrum yield at birth, 12, 24 and 36 hours, TMY and ADMY was affected significantly. There were significant difference between the two breeds in the production of milk per week, TMY and ADMY. Sex of lambs had a significant (p<0.05) effect on milk produced at the 2nd, 6th, 7th, 8th and 9th weeks of lactation. TMY and ADMY was affected significantly by sex of lambs. TMY and ADMY was (P<0.01) greater in ewes rearing twin lambs compared with ewes rearing singles. Colostrum fat and energy was affected (P<0.05) by treatments. As well as, milk components except lactose are (P<0.01) affected. Colostrum ingredient, except TS were not significantly affected by breed of ewes. TS level significantly increased in colostrum of Chios than Rahmani ewes. The ewe breed had a significant (P<0.01) effect on fat, TS, ash, SNF and milk energy. All colostrum components were not significantly affected by age of ewes. But, TS, ash and energy of milk were affected (P<0.01) by age of ewes. Milk constituents were affected significantly (P<0.01) by different lactation stages. The results of this study indicated that the inclusion of some medical and aromatic plant seeds as feed additives in Rahmani and Chios diet improves growth performance, feed intake and milk yield.
https://aasj.journals.ekb.eg/article_29338_8396c94c0efac894bd739d442c3f57ad.pdf
medical and aromatic plant seeds
Growth performance
milk yield
Rahmani and Chios sheep
eng
Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Agriculture (Assiut Branch)
Archives of Agriculture Sciences Journal
2535-1680
2535-1699
2018-12-01
1
3
44
60
10.21608/aasj.2018.29934
29934
Physicochemical evaluation of carob pods (Ceratonia siliqua L.) powder and the effect of its addition on cupcake quality
E. El-Naggar
eid.elnaggar72@gmail.com
1
E. Hassan
2
Food Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
Food Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
Fiber enrichment of carob pods powder (CPP), sugar and fat replacement are third effective ways in the creation of a healthy diet. This work was conducted to evaluate the effect of partial fat/or sugar replaced cupcakes made from wheat flour WF (72% ext.) by different levels (20, 40, 60, 80 and 100%) of carob pods powder CPP. Comparing between WF and CPP, data revealed that CPP had higher content of fat (2.10%), ash (3.33%), crude fiber (18.58%), phenolic compounds (1800 mg GAE / 100 g), antioxidant activity (17.2%), K (848 mg/100 g), Ca (212.540 mg / 100g), and Fe (38.15 mg/100g). Evaluating cupcakes chemically, physically, rheologically and organoleptically. Chemical composition of fat and/or sugar replaced cupcakes were high in ash content, crude fiber, phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity, while it was low in nitrogen free extract (NFE), protein and caloric values. Moreover, Fe, Zn, Ca and Mg contents were significantly improved. Results indicated that using CPP as a fat or sugar replacers, gradually increased the sensory characteristics with increasing the levels for up to 60% of replacing level, and still acceptable until the highest level of replacing. Findings showed that additives 40 or 60% of CPP as a fat or sugar replacer respectively, increased the water absorption, dough development time, degree of weakening and extensibility, Meanwhile, decreased stability time, resistance to extension, energy and proportional number. Noteworthy, lead to reduce the caloric value and staling case. It could be concluded that the supplementation WF with40 or 60% of CPP used as a fat and /or sugar replacer for cupcakes making to enhance the nutritional values, sensory and rheological properties without adverse effects on the physical and sensory attributes.
https://aasj.journals.ekb.eg/article_29934_a502ccd41030228530b566cab5fdc751.pdf
eng
Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Agriculture (Assiut Branch)
Archives of Agriculture Sciences Journal
2535-1680
2535-1699
2018-12-01
1
3
61
82
10.21608/aasj.2018.30446
30446
Effect of natural extracts on the stability of sunflower oil and acrylamide formation at different thermal treatments
E. El-Naggar
eid.elnaggar72@gmail.com
1
Food Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
This study was conducted to reduce the simulated chemical changes of sunflower oil during intermittent heating and / or frying model technique, and to improve the thermal stability of oil, and to study the effects on acrylamide formation level by some additives such as oleoresin thyme (OTE) and rosemary extracts (ORE) at different levels (100, 200, 300, 400, 500 and 600 mg-1L oil), in comparison to standard oil sample (without addition of extracts) and / or (with addition 200 mg-1L oil of BHA), and the chemical changes were correlated with acrylamide content aiming at establishing prediction models for estimating acrylamide content; during intermittent heating and / or frying model technique of potato chips at 175o C for 24 hrs. at three consecutive days (8 hrs. daily). The results could be concluded that addition of OTE and/ or ORE to sunflower oil kept its characteristics from being deteriorated. During the simulated heating and / or frying model technique, the OTE or ORE act as an antioxidant taking part in the chain radical oxidation, as well as simultaneously inhibiting the thermal processes occurring in oil. Induction period (IP) was decreasedby increasing the thermal treatment period. Moreover, the addition of OTE and/ or ORE up to 400 mg-1L oil increase IP before thermal treatment then slows down the decreasing of the IP in comparison to the control samples, and TPCs, TBA and acrylamide content of control oil samples were significantly lower than that of the oil samples treated with OTE and/or ORE.Under the conditions simulated heating and / or frying model technique, the OTE inhibits oxidative processes more strongly than ORE or BHA. The results demonstrate that the heating model technique causes a slower increase in acrylamide content during treatment at 175o C in comparison to frying model technique, (39.18 %) under heating model technique.While, ORE reduced the acrylamide ranged by 25.54% and 27.48% fewer than500 mg-1L oil during frying and heating model technique respectively. The correlation coefficient between acrylamide level and frying time was very high (r = 0.986) for control sample, and an equation for prediction the acrylamide was γ = -190.9 + 0.116 X. The correlation coefficient between acrylamide level and TPCs content was very high (r = 0.994) for control sample, while the correlation coefficient between acrylamide level and TPCs (r = -0.621) for oil treated with OTE at 400 mg-1L during frying, and (r = 0.732) during heating model system.During the progressive frying of the potato chips, the sensory panel could distinguish a difference in flavor between the fried potato chips in sunflower oil with and without OTE or ORE. Panelists preferred the chips fried in oil treated with OTE or ORE.
https://aasj.journals.ekb.eg/article_30446_d4052bad45bab8a0c7431acadb9d2bad.pdf
acrylamide
frying
heating rosemary
Sensory evaluation
sunflower oil
thermal stability thyme
eng
Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Agriculture (Assiut Branch)
Archives of Agriculture Sciences Journal
2535-1680
2535-1699
2018-12-01
1
3
83
104
10.21608/aasj.2018.30931
30931
Intercropping efficiency of two maize hybrids with peanut under sandy soils conditions
M. El-Koomy
melkoomy@gmail.com
1
R. Attalla
2
Maize Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
Crop Intensification Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
A field experiment was carried out at Ismailia Agricultural Research Station, Agricultural Research Center, Ismailia, Egypt, during 2015 and 2016 summer seasons to maximize land usage and agro-economic feasibility of different intercropping patterns of maize and peanut. Treatments were compared in a randomized complete block design in four replications with nine cropping systems that included two maize hybrids (white hybrid SC 132 and yellow hybrid SC176) were grow in intercropping patterns with peanut cv. Giza 5 (intercropping pattern 100% peanut + 67% maize, intercropping pattern 100% peanut + 50% maize and intercropping pattern 100% peanut + 33% maize) in addition to solid culture of both cops. The results showed that maize and peanut of different cropping systems affected significantly yield and its attributes of both crops. Intercropping pattern 100% peanut + 67% white maize hybrid SC 132 had the highest grain yield fad-1, meanwhile intercropping pattern 100% peanut + 33% yellow maize hybrid SC 176 had the highest pod yield fad-1 in comparison with the other treatments. Intercropping cultures were advantageous compared to solid cultures of maize and peanut. Intercropping pattern 100% peanut + 33% yellow maize hybrid SC 176 was the best treatment which achieved 16.6 ardab of peanut seeds + 10.9 ardab of maize grains with low aggressivity (maize was the dominant and peanut was the dominated component), and high land equivalent ratio (1.32 and 1.32), relative crowding coefficient (7.45 and 5.42), net return (L.E. 10257 fad-1 and L.E. 9855 fad-1) and monetary advantage index (3816 and 3687) in the first and second seasons, respectively, compared with solid culture of peanut.
https://aasj.journals.ekb.eg/article_30931_1a4de9eca8f89954901c95d94b5d8321.pdf
Intercropping
maize hybrids
Peanut
competitive relationships
farmers' benefit
eng
Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Agriculture (Assiut Branch)
Archives of Agriculture Sciences Journal
2535-1680
2535-1699
2018-12-01
1
3
105
112
10.21608/aasj.2018.33909
33909
The role of the customary council in eliminating the phenomenon of revenge in the rural society: A field study on the customary council in a village in Sohag governorate, Egypt
Hoda Abd el-aal
hodamostafa159@gmail.com
1
Agricultural Extension and Rural Sociology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Egypt
This study aimed at identifying the role of the customary council to eliminate the phenomenon of revenge in rural community, Identify problems occurring during reconciliation between both sides of revenge. Finally, access to the most important proposals to confront the phenomenon of revenge. For the purposes of this study, the focus group method was used to determine the size of the 12 research subjects in the village of Al-Danakala, Al-Manshah district, Sohag governorate, Egypt. The study was used to analyze the data of this study in the questionnaire method by personal interview, and used to analyze the data of this study frequency, percentage, mean, reference, standard deviation and test K2. The main findings of the study were as follows: 1- Most of the respondents have a high degree of proficiency in dialogue and discussion as well as their ability to influence others. The weighted average of them is 30.8 degrees, 30.7 degrees. 2- The most important roles of the members of the Council are: taking pledges on the opponents after provoking the problem once again, and spreading tolerance among the members of society and eliminating the reasons that renew the problem again. 3- The two most important problems faced by Customary Council of Peace in resolving the problem of revenge between two families are: non-compliance with the decisions of the council, and replaced by the law, followed by bargaining millions for reconciliation (impossible conditions). The study recommends to eliminate the phenomenon of revenge is: 1- Work to instill the values of religious and moral and customary right in the minds of young people. 2- The effective presence of the security services and the judiciary in order to resolve matters from the beginning. 3- Tighten the penalty for those who kill non-killer.
https://aasj.journals.ekb.eg/article_33909_bfda956b3904209c2b09c68c2aafa239.pdf
the customary council
the phenomenon of revenge
the rural society
a field study
Sohag
eng
Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Agriculture (Assiut Branch)
Archives of Agriculture Sciences Journal
2535-1680
2535-1699
2018-12-01
1
3
113
121
10.21608/aasj.2018.56372
56372
Estimates of combining ability for grain yield and other agronmic traits in yellow maize hybrids
H. Aboyousef
1
H. Gamea
hamdygamea@yahoo.com
2
A. Mohamed
3
Maize Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
Maize Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
Nineteen yellow maize (zea mays L.) inbred lines were top crossed with two inbred lines testers; GZ 658 and SD 3120 in season 2015. In 2016 summer season, these 38 crosses were evaluated in a randomized complete blocks designs experiment with four replications at two locations; Sakha and Sids, Agriculture Research Center, Egypt. Locations mean square were highly significant for all traits. Mean squares of crosses and their partitions (lines, testers and lines x testers) showed highly significant for all traits under this study except, testers mean square for ear height and ear diameter and lines x testers for ear height and ear length. The additive and additive x additive gene actions played more important in the inheritance traits; days to 50% silking, ear length, ear diameter and grain yield, while, the non- additive gene actions in the inheritance traits pant and ear height.The inbred lines (L1, L7 and L14) and the tester GZ 658had desirable positive and significant (g^i) for grain yield (ard/ fad) (ardab (ard) =140 kg, faddan (fad) = 4200 m2). Five crosses: L1 x Gz 658 (35.86 ard/ fad), L2 x Gz 658(34.86 ard/ fad), L7 x Sd 3120 (35.66 ard/ fad), L14 x Gz 658 (35.20 ard/ fad) and L15 x Gz 658 (34.79 ard/ fad) had highly significant for grain yield (ard/ fad) more than the highest check Sc 168 (30.13 ard/ fad).
https://aasj.journals.ekb.eg/article_56372_0704efbb9d075072b624f24b33fb3535.pdf
Zea mays
top cross
Combining ability
Genotype x environment
yellow maize